Patrones de actividad de mamíferos alrededor de la línea transportadora de gas natural de Camisea en la Reserva Comunal Machiguenga, Cusco, Perú

En el presente trabajo se estudia la actividad horaria de los mamíferos que habitan el área circundante a la línea transportadora de gas de Camisea que atraviesa la Reserva Comunal Machiguenga. Desde febrero del 2020 hasta enero del 2021, se realizó un registro fotográfico mediante cámaras trampa dispuestas a lo largo de la tubería de gas. Los patrones de actividad se estimaron mediante la función de densidad de Kernel. Durante el periodo de estudio, se registraron 25 especies de mamíferos. Se encontró que Dasyprocta kalinowskii y Eira barbara presentan un patrón de actividad diurno; mientras que Cuniculus paca, Tapirus terrestris, Dasypus spp. y Mazama spp. presentan un patrón predominantemente nocturno. Se sugiere que los patrones de actividad observados estarían influenciados por varios factores como la exclusión competitiva entre D. kalinowskii y C. paca, disponibilidad estacional del alimento para T. terrestris, variación de temperatura y precipitación para Dasypus spp., restricciones filogenéticas en Mazama spp., y segregación temporal con otros carnívoros para E. barbara. Se destaca la importancia de la colaboración entre las empresas del rubro energético, las comunidades nativas y las organizaciones gubernamentales.

The present study investigates the hourly activity patterns of mammals inhabiting the area surrounding the Camisea gas pipeline that crosses the Machiguenga Communal Reserve. From February 2020 to January 2021, a photographic record was conducted using camera traps placed along the gas pipeline. Activity patterns were estimated using Kernel density functions. During the study period, 25 mammal species were recorded. It was found that Dasyprocta kalinowskii and Eira barbara exhibit a diurnal activity pattern, whereas Cuniculus paca, Tapirus terrestris, Dasypus spp., and Mazama spp. display predominantly nocturnal behavior. It is suggested that observed activity patterns could be influenced by various factors such as competitive exclusion between D. kalinowskii and C. paca, seasonal food availability for T. terrestris, temperature and precipitation variations for Dasypus spp., phylogenetic constraints in Mazama spp., and temporal segregation with other carnivores for E. barbara. The significance of collaboration between energy industry companies, native communities, and governmental organizations is emphasized.

Analysis and suggestions on the development trend of drug innovation in China / 中国药科大学学报

@#In order to comprehensivehy evaluate the stage of China in the global drug innovation, to further optimize the environment for drug innovation in China, and to unleash the vitality of drug innovation, this article mainly analyzes through comparison China''s situation of drug innovation in global competition from such perspectives as the current situation of the global drug R&D innovation market, R&D investment, product pipeline, policy support, and development trends, combined with the characteristics of China''s drug innovation development.It can be seen that China''s pharmaceutical innovation is faced with such practical problems as lagging behind some developed countries in terms of innovation development, companies bunching into research and development innovation, sudden research and development rush, and excessive dependence on capital markets for pharmaceutical innovation.Accordingly, this paper puts forward suggestions on continuously improving China''s new drug innovation environment, rationally selecting differentiated competition and new tracks, reasonably formulating drug innovation development strategies, guiding capital to return to innovative research and development, and constructing a "double cycle" strategy for drug innovation.

A case of corrosive digestive tract and lung injury caused by ingestion of pipeline dredging agent / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

Ingestion of corrosive substances can severely burn the upper digestive tract leading to bleeding or perforation, and may even be life-threatening. Less commonly, damage to the trachea and bronchi is involved. In this paper, a case of corrosive digestive tract injury and lung injury after oral administration of pipeline dredging agent (the main components are hydroxide, sodium carbonate, sodium hypochlorite, etc.) was analyzed. After active rescue treatment, the patient died of massive hemoptysis. It is suggested that serious complications may occur after ingestion of corrosive substances. Timely diagnosis and reasonable medical management are needed to improve the level of recognition and treatment of such diseases.

Analysis of influencing factors on post-treatment in-stent stenosis of intracranial aneurysm using Pipeline embolization device / 中华放射学杂志

Objective:To evaluate the incidence, clinical significance and influencing factors on in-stent stenosis(ISS) after treatment of intracranial aneurysms by Pipeline embolization device(PED).Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 161 patients with intracranial aneurysms treated with PED at the Department of Interventional Radiology of the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from April 2015 to July 2021. PED was implanted into the parent artery through the femoral artery approach after general anesthesia. The first DSA follow-up duration time and imaging data were collected, and the patients were divided into ISS group and non-ISS group accordingly. The degree of aneurysm occlusion was evaluated by O′Kelly-Marotta(OKM) grading scale. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were applied to identify the factors related to ISS.Results:A total of 179 PED were employed in 161 patients with 168 aneurysms. Eighty-eight (52.38%) aneurysms were treated by PED only, and 80 (47.62%) aneurysms by PED combined with coiling. After a median follow-up of 6 (5, 7) months, 31(18.45%) aneurysms had ISS within the PED, of which 16(9.52%) cases were with mild stenosis (<50%), 13 (7.74%) were with moderate stenosis (50%-75%), and 2(1.19%) were with severe stenosis (>75%). All patients with ISS showed no relevant clinical symptoms. One (0.60%) patient with ISS underwent balloon angioplasty. Univariate analysis showed that the stent diameter, aneurysm location, triglyceride level, the diameter of distal parent artery, and the diameter of proximal parent artery were associated to ISS. Further multivariate logistic regression analysis showed the stent diameter (OR=0.332, 95%CI 0.191-0.578, P<0.001) and triglyceride level (OR=1.641, 95%CI 1.034-2.605, P=0.036) were independent factors of ISS. Conclusions:ISS is a common benign complication after PED treatment. The current results suggest that small stent diameter and high triglyceride level are independent factors of ISS.

Design and application of an extension tube for ventilator pipeline / 中华危重病急救医学

At present, the extension tube of the ventilator, a long corrugated tube used in clinical practice, needs to be disconnected from the endotracheal tube when performing open sputum suction. Under positive pressure, the condensed water containing pathogenic microorganisms in the ventilator will be splashed. Some will form aerosol suspended in the air, pollute the air, increase the risk of cross-infection and operator pollution, while the ventilator will emit a corresponding alarm sound, resulting in noise pollution. Based on the above factors, a ventilator pipeline extension tube was designed by the medical staff of department of critical care medicine of the Eighth Medical Center of People's Liberation Army General Hospital and department of critical care medicine of Beijing Friendship Hospital of Capital Medical University, and was obtained the National Utility Model Patent of China (ZL 2020 2 1476518.X). The device consists of the main pipe, first pipe sleeve, second pipe sleeve, valve body, joystick, axial sleeve, etc., which can not only effectively avoid air pollution and reduce the risk of cross-infection, but also reduce noise pollution and the negative impact of loud noise on patients and medical staff.

GranatumX: A Community-engaging, Modularized, and Flexible Webtool for Single-cell Data Analysis / 基因组蛋白质组与生物信息学报·英文版

We present GranatumX, a next-generation software environment for single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data analysis. GranatumX is inspired by the interactive webtool Granatum. GranatumX enables biologists to access the latest scRNA-seq bioinformatics methods in a web-based graphical environment. It also offers software developers the opportunity to rapidly promote their own tools with others in customizable pipelines. The architecture of GranatumX allows for easy inclusion of plugin modules, named Gboxes, which wrap around bioinformatics tools written in various programming languages and on various platforms. GranatumX can be run on the cloud or private servers and generate reproducible results. It is a community-engaging, flexible, and evolving software ecosystem for scRNA-seq analysis, connecting developers with bench scientists. GranatumX is freely accessible at http://garmiregroup.org/granatumx/app.

A practical guide to amplicon and metagenomic analysis of microbiome data

Advances in high-throughput sequencing (HTS) have fostered rapid developments in the field of microbiome research, and massive microbiome datasets are now being generated. However, the diversity of software tools and the complexity of analysis pipelines make it difficult to access this field. Here, we systematically summarize the advantages and limitations of microbiome methods. Then, we recommend specific pipelines for amplicon and metagenomic analyses, and describe commonly-used software and databases, to help researchers select the appropriate tools. Furthermore, we introduce statistical and visualization methods suitable for microbiome analysis, including alpha- and beta-diversity, taxonomic composition, difference comparisons, correlation, networks, machine learning, evolution, source tracing, and common visualization styles to help researchers make informed choices. Finally, a step-by-step reproducible analysis guide is introduced. We hope this review will allow researchers to carry out data analysis more effectively and to quickly select the appropriate tools in order to efficiently mine the biological significance behind the data.

Uso de técnicas de geoprocessamento na otimização do traçado de sistemas adutores de abastecimento de água com a utilização de uma base de dados de alta definição / Use of geoprocessing techniques in the optimization of the pipeline alignment of water supply systems with the use of a high definition database

RESUMO Neste trabalho discute-se um modelo de otimização multicritério baseado em Sistemas de Informações Geográficas (SIGs), que tem por finalidade a determinação dos locais com maior potencial para locação do traçado de adutoras por meio da utilização de variáveis de custo, bem como do melhor caminho para esse traçado. Em decorrência disso, foi possível simular rotas de custo mínimo para o traçado da adutora, considerando critérios relacionados com: as declividades e as altitudes da área, as distâncias de rios e áreas alagadas e a proximidade de rodovias. A análise leva em consideração a importância (peso) de cada critério no modelo. Para minimizar a subjetividade na escolha dos valores desses pesos, buscou-se a opinião de especialistas com relação aos critérios analisados. O método Análise Hierárquica de Pesos (AHP) foi utilizado para a ponderação dos critérios. Para aplicação da metodologia, utilizou-se como área de estudo um trecho da Adutora do Pajeú no Estado de Pernambuco e uma base de dados de alta definição do Programa Pernambuco Tridimensional (Programa PE3D), além da base de dados Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM)/TOPODATA. Os resultados obtidos por meio de SIG permitiram identificar as áreas consideradas de maior aptidão para a locação do traçado da adutora e determinar uma rota otimizada para esse traçado. Na prática, significou na determinação de uma rota para implantação da tubulação da adutora, o que sugere que a utilização de SIG e técnicas de otimização pode auxiliar a tomada de decisão no que se refere aos projetos de sistemas adutores de abastecimento de água.

ABSTRACT This paper discusses a multi-criteria GIS-based optimization model, which aims to determine the locations with the highest potential for the location of the water mains through the use of cost variables, as well as the best path for this tracing. As a result, it was possible to simulate minimum cost routes for the pipeline layout, considering criteria related to: the slope and altitude of the area, the distances of rivers and flooded areas and the proximity of highways. The analysis takes into account the importance (weight) of each criterion in the model. To minimize subjectivity in choosing the values of these weights, expert opinion was sought regarding the criteria analyzed. The HWA (Hierarchical Weight Analysis) method was used to weigh the criteria. To apply the methodology, the study area used an excerpt from the Pajeú pipeline in the state of Pernambuco and a high definition database from the Pernambuco Three-dimensional Program, as well as the SRTM/TOPODATA database. The results obtained through GIS allowed us to identify the areas considered to be the most suitable for the location of the pipeline and to determine an optimized route for this route. In practice, it meant determining a route for the pipeline installation, which suggests that the use of GIS and optimization techniques can help decision making regarding the design of water supply systems.

Effect of Pipeline embolization device in treatment of intracranial complex aneurysms / 中国介入影像与治疗学

Objective: To observe the efficacy and safety of Pipeline embolization device (PED) in treatment of intracranial complex aneurysms. Methods: Clinical data of 11 patients with intracranial complex aneurysms treated with PED were retrospectively analyzed. Results: Twelve PED were implanted in 11 patients with 12 aneurysms. Ten patients were implanted 1 PED and 1 patient with 2 PED, 3 aneurysms were implanted PED alone, 9 aneurysms underwent PED combined with coil embolization. Cerebral angiography immediately after operation showed that contrast agent was detained in aneurysm and PED adhered well to the wall, completely covered the neck of aneurysms and the artery with aneurysm was unobstructed. One patient had a local acute cerebral infarction after operation and recovered after treatment. Postoperative follow-up time was 6-9 months, the median follow-up time was 7.5 months. The symptoms significantly relieved or disappeared, no obvious complication occurred, and the occlusion rate of aneurysm was 75.00% (9/12). According to O'kelly-Marotta (OKM) grating, there was no aneurysm in grade A, 1 of grade B, 2 of grade C and 9 of grade D. The modified Rankin scale (mRS) were 0 score in 10 patients and 1 score in 1 patient. Conclusion: Treatment of intracranial complex aneurysms with PED has good effect and safety.

Advances in drug-drug complexes based on the crystal engineering design / 药学学报

Drug-drug complexes play important roles in improving the physicochemical properties of drugs including the solubility, dissolution rate and stability of the active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). In this paper, the design, synthesis, characterization, changes in physicochemical and pharmacologic properties, structural polymorphisms and the research and development pipelines of a variety of drug-drug cocrystals/salts synthesized based on the crystal engineering design are reviewed. This may provide theoretical support for the development of the new solid-state combinational drugs.

The biotechnology procedure for the provision of a land plot for a linear communication object / 国际药学研究杂志

Currently, the oil and gas industry is one of the most important elements of the economy of the Russian Federation; its reliable operation is an important factor for further economic development of the country. Linear communication objects help to track the state of the oil and gas industry objects and manage oil and gas industry objects, so the provision of land plots for the construction of linear communication objects is of great importance for the development of the oil and gas industry as a whole. The topic is relevant due to the fact that the theoretical study of the organization of land relations, the characteristics and procedure for the provision of a land plot for a linear communication object are important issues for both land management and the State Real Estate Cadastre. The procedure for providing a land plot for the construction of linear infrastructure (a fiber-optic communication line), examined in the course of the work, includes: 1) preparatory administrative actions; 2) considering the possibility of using a land plot by the department of architecture; 3) a meeting of the land and town-planning commission and taking the decision on the possibility or impossibility of approving the location of the object; 4) issuing a decree on the preliminary approval of the location of the object; 5) publication of a legal act on the approval of the location of the land plot on the cadastral map of the relevant territory and on the approval of the act of selecting the land plot; 6) establishing the boundaries of the land plot on the site to prepare a delimitation plan; 7) state cadastral registration of a land plot; 8) issuing a decree on the lease of a land plot; concluding the contract of lease with the applicant.

Effect of ε-polysine intervention on ventilator associated pneumonia in children with mechanical ventilation in pediatric intensive care unit / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective@#To investigate the effect of ε-polylysine intervention on the incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), the time of mechanical ventilation and bacterial colonization in pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) patients with mechanical ventilation.@*Methods@#A total of 80 cases of mechanical ventilation with PICU were selected from our hospital between January 2016 and June 2018. All the children were randomly divided into group a, group b and group c, among which group a had three daily interventions, group b had two daily interventions, and group c had no intervention. The incidence of VAP in each group was monitored, the time of mechanical ventilation was recorded, and the results of bacterial culture in different parts of ventilator pipes were compared.@*Results@#The mechanical ventilation time of the two groups was (4.82±0.39) d and (5.49±0.68) d, both significantly lower than that of group c (7.40±0.43) d (t=-2.384, -1.836, P < 0.05). VAP incidence was 7.41% (2/27) and 29.63%(8/27), respectively, in group a and group b, both significantly lower than 69.23% (18/26) in group c (χ2=22.193, 9.384, all P < 0.05). The mechanical ventilation time of group a was significantly lower than that of group b (P < 0.05), and there was no significant difference in the incidence of VAP between the two groups (P > 0.05). Three groups of children wetting tank, threaded pipe outlet interface, threaded pipe inlet interface of bacterial culture almost no pollution; On the 4th day of operation, the positive rate of bacteria at the Y junction and the condensate at the outlet and the condensate at the inlet was significantly lower in group a than in group c (χ2=39.384, 20.384, 10.282, P < 0.05). The positive rate of y-type interface bacteria in group b was significantly lower than that in group c (χ2=10.152, P < 0.05). On the 7th day of operation, the positive rate of bacteria at Y junction, outlet condensate and inlet condensate in group a was significantly lower than that in group c (χ2=21.023, 5.340, 7.495, P < 0.05). The positive rate of Y junction, outlet condensate and inlet condensate in group b was significantly lower than that in group c (χ2=6.954, 11.203, 13.023, P < 0.05).@*Conclusions@#The intervention of ε-polylysine in children with PICU mechanical ventilation can cut off the exogenous infection pathway, effectively inhibit the growth of bacterial colonization, shorten the time of mechanical ventilation and reduce the incidence of VAP in children. It is worthy of being popularized in clinic.

Off-Label Application of Pipeline Embolization Device for Intracranial Aneurysms / 신경중재치료의학

PURPOSE: The Pipeline embolization device (PED) is approved in the USA for treating giant and large aneurysms arising from the petrous to superior hypophyseal segments of the internal carotid artery in patients older than 21 years of age. This study investigates off-label PED results in a large cohort. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Retrospective, single-center review of all patients who had off-label PED surgery. RESULTS: Sixty-two aneurysms (48 patients) underwent off-label PED treatment from 2012–2017. There were 44 females and four males (age 21 to 75 years; mean/median, 54.3/55.0 years). The most common presenting symptom was headache (47/62, 75.8%). All aneurysms were in the anterior circulation. Aneurysm size ranged from 1.4 to 25.0 mm (mean/median, 7.6/6.9 mm). Fifty-two aneurysms had post-operative imaging with total/near-complete occlusion of 84.6% (44/52). Aneurysm-based operative near-term complication rate was 9.7% while there were no permanent complications. For aneurysms and headache, 86.7% improved/resolved after embo-surgery, and were four times more likely to have a better clinical outcome (resolved or improved symptoms) after surgery (odds ratio [OR], 4.333; P=0.0325). Left-sided aneurysms had a higher occlusion rate (OR, 20; P=0.0073). Hypertension (OR, 4.2; P=0.0332) and smoking (OR, 7; P=0.0155) were more prone towards aneurysm occlusion. Patients without a family history were 14 times more likely to have favorable imaging outcome (P=0.0405). There is no difference of occlusion rates between untreated and previously treated aneurysms (P=0.6894). Overall, occlusion rate decreased by 14% with an increase of aneurysm size by 1 mm (P=0.0283). CONCLUSION: For anterior circulation aneurysms, the off-label application of PED is as effective and safe as reported for on-label intracranial aneurysms.

Effects of different volume syringe on recanalization of indwelling jejunal feeding tube in pediatric patients / 中华临床营养杂志

Objective To explore the nursing intervention effects of different volume syringe on flushing the jejunum nutrient tube for enteral nutrition pipeline obstruction among pediatric patients.Methods 62 pediatric patients with pipe plugging were selected and randomly divided into observation group and control group.Different volume syringes as 5 ml and 10 ml were used as punching tools respectively.The cases of recanalization,the rate of one time recanalization,the rate of unplanned extubation and the total time for nurse treatment of pipe plugging were compared between the two groups.Results There were no significant difference in the cases of recanalization,the rate of one time recanalization and unplanned extubation between the two groups (P＞0.05).The total time for nurse treatment of pipe plugging in the control group was higher than that in the observation group [(8.2±1.2) h vs.(7.2±0.9) h,P＜0.05].Conclusion 5 ml volume syringe as a tube washing tool after pipeline obstruction,can not only save labors but also save time,which can improve the work efficiency of nurses.

Effect of ε-polysine intervention on ventilator associated pneumonia in children with mechanical ventilation in pediatric intensive care unit / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective To investigate the effect of ε-polylysine intervention on the incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), the time of mechanical ventilation and bacterial colonization in pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) patients with mechanical ventilation. Methods A total of 80 cases of mechanical ventilation with PICU were selected from our hospital between January 2016 and June 2018. All the children were randomly divided into group a, group b and group c, among which group a had three daily interventions, group b had two daily interventions, and group c had no intervention. The incidence of VAP in each group was monitored, the time of mechanical ventilation was recorded, and the results of bacterial culture in different parts of ventilator pipes were compared. Results The mechanical ventilation time of the two groups was (4.82±0.39) d and (5.49±0.68) d, both significantly lower than that of group c (7.40±0.43) d (t=-2.384,-1.836, P<0.05). VAP incidence was 7.41% (2/27) and 29.63%(8/27), respectively, in group a and group b, both significantly lower than 69.23% (18/26) in group c ( χ2=22.193, 9.384, all P<0.05). The mechanical ventilation time of group a was significantly lower than that of group b (P < 0.05), and there was no significant difference in the incidence of VAP between the two groups (P > 0.05). Three groups of children wetting tank, threaded pipe outlet interface, threaded pipe inlet interface of bacterial culture almost no pollution; On the 4th day of operation, the positive rate of bacteria at the Y junction and the condensate at the outlet and the condensate at the inlet was significantly lower in group a than in group c ( χ2=39.384, 20.384, 10.282, P < 0.05). The positive rate of y-type interface bacteria in group b was significantly lower than that in group c ( χ2=10.152, P<0.05). On the 7th day of operation, the positive rate of bacteria at Y junction, outlet condensate and inlet condensate in group a was significantly lower than that in group c ( χ2=21.023, 5.340, 7.495, P<0.05). The positive rate of Y junction, outlet condensate and inlet condensate in group b was significantly lower than that in group c ( χ2=6.954, 11.203, 13.023, P<0.05). Conclusions The intervention of ε-polylysine in children with PICU mechanical ventilation can cut off the exogenous infection pathway, effectively inhibit the growth of bacterial colonization, shorten the time of mechanical ventilation and reduce the incidence of VAP in children. It is worthy of being popularized in clinic.

Design and implementation of postoperative evaluation pipeline of deep brain stimulation by multimodality imaging / 生物医学工程学杂志

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) surgery is an important treatment for patients with Parkinson's disease in the middle and late stages. The accuracy of the implantation of electrode at the location of the nuclei directly determines the therapeutic effect of the operation. At present, there is no single imaging method that can obtain images with electrodes, nuclei and their positional relationship. In addition, the subthalamic nucleus is small in size and the boundary is not obvious, so it cannot be directly segmented. In this paper, a complete end-to-end DBS effect evaluation pipeline was constructed using magnetic resonance (MR) data of T1, T2 and SWI weighted by DBS surgery. Firstly, the images of preoperative and postoperative patients are registered and normalized to the same coordinate space. Secondly, the patient map is obtained by non-rigid registration of brain map and preoperative data, as well as the preoperative nuclear cluster prediction position. Then, a three-dimensional (3D) image of the positional relationship between the electrode and the nucleus is obtained by using the electrode path in the postoperative image and the result of the nuclear segmentation. The 3D image is helpful for the evaluation of the postoperative effect of DBS and provides effective information for postoperative program control. After analysis, the algorithm can achieve a good registration between the patient's DBS surgical image and the brain map. The error between the algorithm and the expert evaluation of the physical coordinates of the center of the thalamus is (1.590 ± 1.063) mm. The problem of postoperative evaluation of the placement of DBS surgical electrodes is solved.

Preliminary experience of treating complex middle cerebral artery aneurysms with Pipeline embolization device / 中国脑血管病杂志

Objective To investigate the safety and efficacy of Pipeline embolization device (PED) for the treatment of complex middle cerebral artery aneurysms. Methods From December 2015 to June 2018, 7 patients with complex middle cerebral artery unruptured aneurysms and treated with PED at the Department of Neurosurgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University were recruited. The clinical and follow-up data were analyzed. The Kamran classification was used to evaluate the immediate effect of aneurysm embolization and the changes of parent artery. At 6 months after operation, the effect of embolization was evaluated by Raymond grading; the modified Rankin scale (mRS) was used to evaluate prognosis: 0 -2 for good prognosis, 3 -6 for poor prognosis, and 6 for death. Results The 7 patients with complex middle cerebral artery aneurysms were successfully treated with one PED, including 2 patients with single PED and 5 combined with coiling. Digital subtraction angiography (DSA) were performed immediately after PED implantation. All had Kamran classification 2a at immediate angiography after embolization. The postoperative mRS score was 0 in 6 patients and 1 in 1 patient. One patient with M1 aneurysm had acute in-stent thrombosis and another one with M1 aneurysm had mini-focal occipital lobe cerebral infarction. All 7 patients were Raymond classification I during postoperative follow-up from 6 to 12 months. Among them, 6 patients had aneurysms total occlusion with patent parent artery. For the remaining one patient, the aneurysm was found slightly residual at the middle cerebral artery bifurcation but was totally occluded with parental artery patent at 12 months. There were no aneurysmal rupture, cerebral parenchymal hemorrhage, and neurological defects in the 7 patients during intraoperative and postoperative follow-up periods (6 to 18 months). Conclusions Embolization of complex cerebral artery aneurysms with PED is effective and safe, but its long-term effect still needs to be validated by longer follow-up results and large sample-sized trials.

Treatment of Intracranial Aneurysms with the Pipeline Embolization Device Only: a Single Center Experience / 신경중재치료의학

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the technical feasibility and rate of mid-term occlusion in aneurysms treated solely with the Pipeline Embolization Device (PED) in a German tertiary care university hospital. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty-nine non-consecutive intracranial aneurysms underwent endovascular treatment using the PED exclusively between March 2011 and May 2017 at our institution. Primary endpoint was a favorable aneurysm occlusion defined as OKM C1-3 and D (O'Kelly Marotta Scale). Secondary endpoints were retreatment rate and delayed complications. Median follow-up was 200 days. RESULTS: The mean aneurysm size was 7.1 ± 5.3 mm. Forty-four aneurysms were located in the anterior circulation (90%). Ten aneurysms were ruptured (20%). Branching vessels from the sac were observed in 11 aneurysms (22%). Favorable obliteration immediately after PED placement was seen in 13/49 aneurysms (27%), of those nine aneurysms were completely occluded (18%). Angiographic and clinical follow-up was available for 45 cases (92%); 36/45 aneurysms (80%) were occluded completely and 40/45 aneurysms (89%) showed a favorable occlusion result. A branching vessel arising from the aneurysm sac was associated with incomplete occlusion (P < .05). All electively treated patients had good outcome (mRS 0). Three aneurysms (6%) required additional treatment due to aneurysm recurrence. CONCLUSION: In our series, treatment of intracranial aneurysms with the PED was associated with favorable occlusion rates and low complication rates at mid-term follow-up. The presence of branching vessels arising from the aneurysms sac was predictive for an incomplete occlusion.

First Human Evaluation of Endothelial Healing after a Pipeline Flex Embolization Device with Shield Technology Implanted in Posterior Circulation Using Optical Coherence Tomography / 신경중재치료의학

A 64-year-old female presented with an incidentally-discovered right posterior inferior cerebral artery (PICA) aneurysm, initially treated in 2015 by simple coiling. Follow-up demonstrated significant coil compaction that required retreatment. Retreatment was done uneventfully using a Pipeline embolization device (PED) shield deployed starting from the basilar artery and ending at the V4 segment of the vertebral artery. Eight-weeks post-deployment, a follow-up digital subtraction imaging (DSA) and intravascular imaging with optical coherence tomography were obtained. The intravascular imaging demonstrated that the flow diverter had good wall apposition and concentric neointimal growth over the braid with exception to the areas that the PED was not in contact with the endothelial wall, such as at the right PICA ostium and at the vertebrobasilar junction. The entire procedure was safe, and the patient had no complications. In this article, we describe for the first time the assessment of the status of endothelial “healing” of the PED shield at 8-weeks.

Design on disinfection system for the pipeline of dialysis water based on temperature control / 中国医学装备

Objective: To design a disinfection system for pipeline of dialysis water that can be automatically controlled so as to improve the disinfection effect, and ensure the health and safety of the operators and patients with hemodialysis. Methods: In the new disinfection system, the manual control was changed to single chip, and the disinfection method was ozone disinfection. In the actual ozone disinfection instrument for the pipeline of dialysis water, through the relationship among solubility, half-life period and temperature of underwater ozone to obtain a simulate relational expression between disinfection time and temperature, and then through single chip to achieve automatic control of disinfection process. Results: Through experimental verification, the system was able to coordinately complete automatic disinfection, emptying and swashing, and the concentration of ozone could meet the requirements of setting. Conclusion: The design can effectively disinfect the pipeline of dialysis water and avoid harm for human body in operation. And the added functions, automatic emptying and swashing, can ensure the pipeline of dialysis water is applied in dialysis cure as soon as possible after the disinfection was completed, and it guarantee the safety of hemodialysis.